The trump card of Kowary is its geographic position. Kowary is located in south-eastern part of the Jeleniogórska Dale (Kotlina Jeleniogórska) at the foots of the Karkonosze and the Rudawy Janowickie Mountains.

From the south the town is protected with Lasocki Grzbiet (ridge). Central part of Kowary, located within the limits of Kotlina (dale) Jeleniogórska, is situated in the area called Obniżenie (depression) Mysłakowickie, while the south-western part lies on Przedgórze (forelands) Karkonoskie belonging to orogen of Karkonosze (name of the highest mountains in this part of Poland).

There are three quarters in the town which were once separate villages. They lie about 3 km. far from the centre and are not connected to main part with their building structures. These are Podgórze, Wojków and Krzaczyna. Podgórze lying in the south of the town occupies two mountain valleys located between slopes of Karkonosze, Lasocki Grzbiet and Rudawy Janowickie. Wojków is located in the north-eastern part of the official area of town on the slopes Brzeżnik hill belonging to Rudawy Janowickie mountain range. On the other hand Krzaczyna is the western outskirts of the town. The area of Kowary is being drained by a river Jedlica along which, for about 5 km., spread buildings of the town.